{"id":987,"date":"2022-12-22T01:07:12","date_gmt":"2022-12-22T00:07:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/195.201.107.226\/acoustics-and-sounds-of-the-hagia-sophia\/"},"modified":"2024-04-24T20:06:49","modified_gmt":"2024-04-24T18:06:49","slug":"acoustics-and-sounds-of-the-hagia-sophia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ycbs.eu\/en\/acoustics-and-sounds-of-the-hagia-sophia\/","title":{"rendered":"Acoustics and Sounds of the Hagia Sophia"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-image uagb-block-f81e5c7c wp-block-uagb-image--layout-default wp-block-uagb-image--effect-static wp-block-uagb-image--align-none\"><figure class=\"wp-block-uagb-image__figure\"><img decoding=\"async\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 480px) 150px\" src=\"https:\/\/ycbs.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/galerien\/hagiasophia\/ayasophiaoutside-0a7.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"764\" height=\"573\" title=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" role=\"img\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;Sadly, true Christian worship in the Hagia Sophia was silenced long ago. In 1453, the Ottoman Empire conquered the city of Constantinople. The Ottomans were Muslims. They changed the city name to Istanbul and converted the Orthodox Christian cathedral into a mosque. Now it is a museum, and music is banned.&#8221;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/teen.wng.org\/node\/6052\">(WORLDteen)<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2020 a subsequent decree of the President of Turkey ordered the reclassification of Hagia Sophia as a mosque.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>For a good speech perception, the space should be ideally able to deliver lossless information from the source to the receiver (listener). Therefore, acoustic peculiarities such as early reflections, late reverberation or noise becomes integral. It was already known before our research that Hagia Sophia has a long reverberation time, which can reach a peak of 12 seconds at frequencies in the range 250\u2013500 Hz<\/em>. <a href=\"https:\/\/soundcloud.com\/turgut-ercetin?fbclid=IwAR06N-kywOIVM1XsGfNOK8jQS7w4gHfOsK4UJ6rNY-fbzQEiIM9O-saxyS4\">(Dr. Turgut Ercetin, Composer)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>The Sound of Hagia Sophia<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Hagia Sophia has not only long late field reverberation but also a relatively long-lasting early decay-time (EDT) as well. Affecting one of the two main components of spaciousness, the long EDT makes accurate positioning limited. This phenomenon, in fact, creates a unique aural experience mostly because of the reflective character of the dome and the way in which the cupola diffuses the sound. Harmonically speaking, we also infrared that the reflected sounds sustained by the interior yield high harmonics to communicate with each other in a way that they evolve from dissonant to consonant. Moreover, the clarity index measurements, known as C50s in acoustics, suggest that the interior was not designed particularly for speech.<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/soundcloud.com\/turgut-ercetin?fbclid=IwAR06N-kywOIVM1XsGfNOK8jQS7w4gHfOsK4UJ6rNY-fbzQEiIM9O-saxyS4\">(Dr. Turgut Ercetin, Composer)<\/a>. Turgut Ercetin completed his doctoral degree at Stanford where he studied composition. Ercetin\u2019s works engage with issues of sound, not as sonic colors, but as concepts that are perceived at various degrees of complexity resulting from composed acoustics. He also worked on acustics researches on the Hagia Sophia.<br>Mr. Ercetin is a Turkish composer and sound researcher. Turgut Er\u00e7etin has brought the acoustic aspects of sound quite deliberately into the focus of his creative work.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-audio\"><audio controls src=\"https:\/\/ycbs.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/turgutlast.mp3\"><\/audio><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>The Danish Project and the singer <a href=\"https:\/\/overtone-singing.tumblr.com\/\">Skye L\u00f8fvander<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-audio\"><audio controls src=\"https:\/\/ycbs.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/hagiasophianewlast.mp3\"><\/audio><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-image uagb-block-b461b20a wp-block-uagb-image--layout-default wp-block-uagb-image--effect-static 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spectra-image-gallery__media--carousel\">\n\t\t\t\t<picture>\n\t\t\t\t\t<source media=\"(min-width: 1024px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ycbs.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/hagiasophia-4-680x1024.jpg\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<source media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ycbs.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/hagiasophia-4-680x1024.jpg\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail--carousel\" src=\"https:\/\/ycbs.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/hagiasophia-4-199x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/picture>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail-blurrer\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail-caption-wrapper spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail-caption-wrapper--overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='spectra-image-gallery__media-wrapper' data-spectra-gallery-image-id='2562'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"spectra-image-gallery__media spectra-image-gallery__media--carousel\">\n\t\t\t\t<picture>\n\t\t\t\t\t<source media=\"(min-width: 1024px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ycbs.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/hagiasophia-3-1024x768.jpg\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<source media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ycbs.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/hagiasophia-3-1024x768.jpg\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail--carousel\" src=\"https:\/\/ycbs.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/hagiasophia-3-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/picture>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail-blurrer\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail-caption-wrapper spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail-caption-wrapper--overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='spectra-image-gallery__media-wrapper' data-spectra-gallery-image-id='2561'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"spectra-image-gallery__media spectra-image-gallery__media--carousel\">\n\t\t\t\t<picture>\n\t\t\t\t\t<source media=\"(min-width: 1024px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ycbs.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/hagiasophia-2-1024x768.jpg\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<source media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ycbs.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/hagiasophia-2-1024x768.jpg\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail--carousel\" src=\"https:\/\/ycbs.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/hagiasophia-2-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/picture>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail-blurrer\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail-caption-wrapper spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail-caption-wrapper--overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='spectra-image-gallery__media-wrapper' data-spectra-gallery-image-id='2560'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"spectra-image-gallery__media spectra-image-gallery__media--carousel\">\n\t\t\t\t<picture>\n\t\t\t\t\t<source media=\"(min-width: 1024px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ycbs.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/hagiasophia-1-666x1024.jpg\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<source media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ycbs.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/hagiasophia-1-666x1024.jpg\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail--carousel\" src=\"https:\/\/ycbs.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/hagiasophia-1-195x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/picture>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail-blurrer\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail-caption-wrapper spectra-image-gallery__media-thumbnail-caption-wrapper--overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='spectra-image-gallery__control-lightbox' tabindex='0'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper spectra-image-gallery__control-lightbox--main\" dir=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img class=\"swiper-lazy\" data-src=\"https:\/\/ycbs.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/hagiasophia-4.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-lazy-preloader swiper-lazy-preloader-white\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img class=\"swiper-lazy\" data-src=\"https:\/\/ycbs.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/hagiasophia-3.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-lazy-preloader swiper-lazy-preloader-white\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img class=\"swiper-lazy\" data-src=\"https:\/\/ycbs.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/hagiasophia-2.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-lazy-preloader swiper-lazy-preloader-white\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img class=\"swiper-lazy\" data-src=\"https:\/\/ycbs.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/hagiasophia-1.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-lazy-preloader swiper-lazy-preloader-white\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-button-next\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-button-prev\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button class='spectra-image-gallery__control-lightbox--close' aria-label=\"Close\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox= \"0 0 320 512\"><path d=\"M310.6 361.4c12.5 12.5 12.5 32.75 0 45.25C304.4 412.9 296.2 416 288 416s-16.38-3.125-22.62-9.375L160 301.3L54.63 406.6C48.38 412.9 40.19 416 32 416S15.63 412.9 9.375 406.6c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25l105.4-105.4L9.375 150.6c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25s32.75-12.5 45.25 0L160 210.8l105.4-105.4c12.5-12.5 32.75-12.5 45.25 0s12.5 32.75 0 45.25l-105.4 105.4L310.6 361.4z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><em>There is a very interesting relationship between singing and church acoustics in particular. And this magnificent space of Hagia Sophia was so ernormous, hundreds of years ahead of its<\/em><br><em>time when it comes to size and building technique. More than 10,000 people could be inside, not only for<\/em><br><em>religous services but also for the emperors&#8217; coronations.<\/em><br><em>One interesting thing about the recordings is that it was recorded in a huge anechoic studio &#8230; dry to the<\/em><br><em>extreme that is. So all the walls and the ceiling and the floor were covered with rockwool wedges to cancel<\/em><br><em>out all reverb. You had to walk on stretched steel mesh covering the 200 square meters studio. And that is<\/em><br><em>obviously a strong contrast to singing in a very resonant space like Hagia Sophia.<\/em><br><em>While singing for the recording we had a monitor signal in the headphones, but due to the limitations of the<\/em><br><em>computer processing power of that time that signal could not be of the virtual Hagia Sophia acoustics but<\/em><br><em>was a standard big hall reverb. Singing in a anechoic room could be likened to walk through deep snow<\/em><br><em>whereas singing in the Hagia Sophia is like skiing down a beautiful mountain side. (<strong style=\"font: bold 20px\/130% roboto_cond,sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; text-align: justify; color: #1f2c33; text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; text-decoration: none; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;\"><a style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; color: #226080; line-height: 130%; font-family: roboto_cond,sans-serif; font-size: 1em; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"https:\/\/overtone-singing.tumblr.com\/\">Skye L\u00f8fvander<\/a>)<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/orbit.dtu.dk\/en\/projects\/cahrisma\"><span style=\"color: #000012;\">The project CAHRISMA<\/span>, &nbsp;Acoustics in ancient church, Hagia Sophia<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/odeon.dk\/the-church-hagia-sofia\/\">.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/odeon.dk\/the-church-hagia-sofia\/?hilite=%27Hagia%27%2C%27Sophia%27\">Source and receiver positions (for the auralisation) of the Hagia Sophia&nbsp;<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/odeon.dk\/about\/projects\/\">Recordings by Odeon\/AS, DTU Science ParkRecordings by Odeon\/AS, DTU Science Park<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pictures: <a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Ayasofya\">Wikimedia<\/a>, &nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/orbit.dtu.dk\/en\/projects\/cahrisma\"> DTU Orbit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Acoustic research on the Hagia Sophia by the Stanford Team and its project <a href=\"https:\/\/ccrma.stanford.edu\/groups\/iconsofsound\/hagiasophiaacoustics\/\">&#8220;Icons of sound&#8221;.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Editor: Mila Zaharieva-Schmolke<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;Sadly, true Christian worship in the Hagia Sophia was silenced long ago. In 1453, the Ottoman Empire conquered the city of Constantinople. The Ottomans were Muslims. They changed the city name to Istanbul and converted&#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":985,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"audio","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[43,138],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-987","post","type-post","status-publish","format-audio","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-european-cities","category-projects","post_format-post-format-audio"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Acoustics and Sounds of the Hagia Sophia - YCBS<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ycbs.eu\/en\/acoustics-and-sounds-of-the-hagia-sophia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Acoustics and Sounds of the Hagia Sophia - YCBS\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"&#8220;Sadly, true Christian worship in the Hagia Sophia was silenced long ago. In 1453, the Ottoman Empire conquered the city of Constantinople. The Ottomans were Muslims. 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